Referenced Glossary - relevant to understanding photography
Aberration :Caused by the optics of a lens, is also considered to be a defect in the image caused from lens failure. Not being able to form a perfect image.
Bracketing :
Taking several photos of the same image at slightly different exposures, playing with different highlight settings. Can be all super imposed to create the perfect image if tripod is used.
Camera Exposure :
The amount of light reaching the photographic sensor. Normally determined by the effective aperture of the lens and the duration of the exposure to light.
Digital Photography an Introduction 2007 - By Tom Ang - DK Publishers
Calotype
It was one of the earliest photographic methods to produce a photograph, invented by Henry Fox Talbot. The image produced on paper was then to be treated with silver iodide, and produced negatives.
Museum of the history of Science 2014 - calotypes - online - Available at http://www.mhs.ox.ac.uk/features/ephotos/ctypes.htm - Last accessed 28/01/2014
Camera Obscura :
Is a darkned space with a lens projecting an image onto a visible surface of the outside surroundings. Considered to be one of the most primitive in camera history and design.
Wikipedia the free encyclopedia 2014 - Camera Obscura - Online - Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_obscura - last accessed 28/01/214
Camera Lucida :
The superimposition of a subject being viewed on the same surface the artist would be performing his art. The artist sees both scene and drawing surface simultaneously, as in a photographic double exposure.
Wikipedia the free encyclopedia 2014 - Camera Lucida - Online - Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_lucida - Last accessed 28/01/2014
Contrast :
It is mainly the difference between two colours. Background colour to a foreground colour.
Colours on the web 1998 - 2010 - colour contrasts - Online - Available at http://www.colorsontheweb.com/colorcontrasts.asp - Last accessed 28/01/2014
Copyright :
Rights that subsist in originality. In all artistic works photography included. No copies in any way can be made or reproduced and used without consent.
Cyanotype :
Photographic printing process that gives a bluish tint colour to the print. The process was popular in engineering circles well into the 20th century. The Cyanotype was a very cost effective process, thus enabling large scaled copies to be produced. The result was generated by using 2 chemicals.
Wikipedia the free encyclopedia 2014 - Cyanotype - Online - Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanotype - last accessed 28/01/2014
Depth of Field :
Is the guage of measuring the zone or distance over which any object in front of the lens will appear in pure sharpness.Situated both in front and behind the plane of best focus . Being effected by main three parameters being Lens aperture, Lens focal Length , and image magnification.
Digital Photography an Introduction 2007 - By Tom Ang - DK Publishers
Daguerreotype :
Is a process using the camera obscura. Process was a light tight plate holder and was designed to hold a copper plate faced with a thin layer of silver. Prior to exposing the plate in the camera, the plate was made light sensitive by fumes from iodine crystals in a wooden box. After the exposure, mercury fumes would develop the image which was then fixed in a solution of common salt (sodium chloride) . The plate could be toned in gold chloride.
The daguerreian Society 1996 - Daguerreotype history - Online - Available at http://daguerre.org/resource/history/history.html - Last accessed 28/01/2014
Duotone :
A type of image manipulation on working on an image with a software simulating an image in two inks.
F Stop Numbers :
The f no. shows the setting of the lens diaphragm. It determines the amount of light transmitted to the light sensitive sensor. Each F/no. is the focal length of the lens divided by the diameter of the entrance pupil.
Feathering :
The blurring of a border or boundary by reducing the sharpness or sudden change of colour, and its change in value.
Giorgio Vasari :
An Italian painter and architect, born on July 30 1511 - June 27 1574 . Was also a writer and a historian. He was also considered to be an ideological foundation of art historical writing. Being a very skill full stained glass painter, he was sent to join the circle of Andrea del Sarto, meeting famous painter Michelangelo who's works later influenced his own.
Encyclopedia brittanica 2014 - Giorgio vasari - online Available at http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/623661/Giorgio-Vasari - Last accessed 28/01/2014
Golden Spiral :
Also known as the rule of thirds, these are harmonious proportions, that photographers instinctively use to make pictures look good.
Digital photography an introduction - By Tom Ang 2007 - DK publishers
Heliography :
Was a system used by capturing the suns rays using a mirror is also the way how to measure the sun lights intensity. This techniques is the oldest known since 1825, that produced the worlds oldest photograph.
Wikipedia the free encyclopedia 2014 - Heliograph - online - available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliography - last accessed 28/01/2014
Highlights:
The brightest parts in an image or digital file. Normally the white hues and shades, are considered to be the high lights.
Digital photography an introduction - By Tom Ang 2007 - DK publishers
Memoir :
Being a memory is a literary non fiction. Being a collection of memories written by individuals. But the assertions how ever would be factual. It can also be considered to be a sub category of autobiography.
The free dictionary by Farlex 2014 - Memoir - Online - available at http://www.thefreedictionary.com/memoir - last accessed 28/01/2014
Opacity :
The intensity of a layer in image colours and how much can be seen.
Pyreolophore :
Among Niépce's other inventions was the Pyreolophore, the world's first 'internal combustion engine''.Which he conceived, created, and developed with his older brother Claude.
Primary Source :
A primary source can also be referred to as an original source or even evidence. It is the original source of information about the topic, someone with direct knowledge on the subject is also considered a primary source.
Primary source at yale 2014 - Primary Sources - online - available at http://www.yale.edu/collections_collaborative/primarysources/primarysources.html - Last accessed 28/01/2014
Photogravure :
An image that was produced from a negative and then transferred onto a metal plate and then carved in.
Pixel :
The smallest unit of Digital Imaging used or produced by a given device. It is also an abbreviation to ''Picture element. ''
Digital Photography an Introduction - By Tom Ang 2007 - DK Publication
Palette :
A set of tools , colours,or shapes that is presented in a small window of a software application. It can be also known as a range of available colours grouped together.
Digital Photography an Introduction - By Tom Ang 2007 - DK Publication
Secondary Source :
Secondary source would be taken from documents or recordings that relate or discuss information originally presented elsewhere.Normally it is an analysis, or interpretation of the original source.
Tintype :
A photograph that is taken as a positive on a thin tin metal plate.
Vignetting :
Defect found in optical images , where edges of an image is cut off or reduced. Deliberately darkened corners - used to help frame an image creating a circular blackened or whitened border. Canalso beused to soften out the frame outline.
Digital Photography an Introduction - By Tom Ang 2007 - DK Publication
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